Uncategorized

There are harms to online misinformation

Facebook bans Myanmar’s military after March 1 coup: The Washington Post, Washington Post and the NYT report on the “Misinformation is More than Information”

Timberg, C. & Mahtani, S. Facebook bans Myanmar’s military, citing threat of new violence after Feb. 1 coup. The Washington Post has a story on a new Facebook page.

Dwoskin, E. & Timberg, C. Misinformation dropped dramatically the week after Twitter banned Trump and some allies. The Washington Post https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2021/01/16/misinformation-trump-twitter/ (16 January 2021).

Myers, S. L. How social media amplifies misinformation more than information. The New York Times has a report on the misinformationintegrity institute.

Legal fears were heightened due to the curtailing of disinformation research by Musk. Reuters https://www.reuters.com/technology/elon-musks-x-restructuring-curtails-disinformation-research-spurs-legal-fears-2023-11-06/ (6 November 2023).

From suspensions to hate speech on social media: an update following the “yellow vest” riots in Washington, DC. The Washington Post (2019)

A short of suspension: how suspension warnings are used to reduce hate speech on social media. Perspect, it is. Politics 21, 651–663 (2023).

Spier, R.E. had a view of the risk of vaccine adverse events. Vaccine 20, S78–S84 (2001). The history of unreliable information about vaccines was chronicled in this article.

Shugars, S. et al. There will be demographic activity on the micro-blogging site in 2020. J. Quant. Descr. A digit. Media https://doi.org/10.51685/jqd.2021.002 (2021).

News during the EU parliamentary elections: lessons from A seven-language study of social media. Oxford, 2019).

In New Technologies of Communication and the First Amendment: The Internet, Social media and Censorship N. The Oxford Univ. published a paper by L. C. and Stone. There is a press, in 2022.

Section 230 of the Communications Decency Act is a good Samaritan law without having to act as a good Samaritan. UCLA Ent. L. Rev. is available at no cost.

Digital constitutionalism uses the rule of law to evaluate the legitimacy of governance. The name of the company is Soc. There is a media magazine.

It is permissible to use the social media platform Twitter safety. An update following the riots in Washington, DC. The conversation following theriots inwashington will continue on TWITTER.

Dwoskin, E. Trump is suspended from Facebook for 2 years and can’t return until ‘risk to public safety is receded’. The Washington Post https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2021/06/03/trump-facebook-oversight-board/ (4 June 2021).

The “yellow vest” riots in France are what happens when Facebook gets involved with local news. Ryan hates yellow jackets in France, according to an article on the Buzzfeed News website.

Olteanu, A., Castillo, C., Boy, J. & Varshney, K. The effect of extremist violence on hateful speech online. In Proc. 12th The InternationalAAAI conference on web and social media was published in the journal ICWSM.

Matias, J. N. Preventing harassment and increasing group participation through social norms in 2,190 online science discussions. Proc. There is a Natl Acad. USA 116, 9785–9797.

The Washington Post, TWiR and Twitter: Trump’s Facebook ban and the Washington Post’s online harassment of alleged supporters of the Capitol riot

Barry, D. & Frenkel, S. Will be wild!’ The date was circled by Trump. The New York Times https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/06/us/politics/capitol-mob-trump-supporters.html (6 January 2021).

It was on the front lines of history that the ban on Trump was finally made. The Washington Post https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2021/01/16/how-twitter-banned-trump/ (16 January 2021).

A new video refutes the claim that there was censoring of pro-Trump views on social media. The Washington Post has a video on their website.

The accounts that were thrown out by TWiR were affiliated with the Capitol riot. The Washington Post https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2021/01/11/trump-twitter-ban/ (11 January 2021).

H. Denham said that the platforms have banned Trump and his allies. The Washington Post https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2021/01/11/trump-banned-social-media/ (13 January 2021).

Graphika Team. DisQualified: network impact of Twitter’s latest QAnon enforcement. The disqualified network impact of the latest qanon-enforcement is a post on the Graphika website.

Harwell, D. & Dawsey, J. Trump is sliding toward online irrelevance. His new article isn’t helping. The Washington Post https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2021/05/21/trump-online-traffic-plunge/ (21 May 2021).

Source: Post-January 6th deplatforming reduced the reach of misinformation on Twitter

News use across social media platforms in 2020. Pew Research Center. 2021. When Twitter is becoming a sewer of disinformation. By J. Calonico, S., Cattaneo, M. D.

Calonico, S., Cattaneo, M. D. & Titiunik, R. Robust nonparametric confidence intervals for regression-discontinuity designs. Econometrica 82, 2295–2326 (2014).

Shearer, E. & Mitchell, A. News use across social media platforms in 2020. Pew Research Center https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/2021/01/12/news-use-across-social-media-platforms-in-2020/ (2021).

Hammond-Errey, M. Elon Musk’s Twitter is becoming a sewer of disinformation. Foreign Policy has a piece about the verification of misinformation.

Joseph, K. et al. (Mis)alignment between stance expressed in social media data and public opinion surveys. Proc. 2021 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing 312–324 (Association for Computational Linguistics, 2021).

Source: Post-January 6th deplatforming reduced the reach of misinformation on Twitter

How much should we trust staggered difference-in-differences estimates? J.Am. Stat., 113, 767-779 (2018)

Baker, A. C., Larcker, D. F. & Wang, C. C. Y. How much should we trust staggered difference-in-differences estimates? J. Financ. It’s an academic field, Econ. 144, 370–395 (2022).

Calonico, S., Cattaneo, M. D. & Farrell, M. H. Bias estimation has an affect on coverage accuracy. J.Am. Stat is the name of the law. Assoc. 113, 767–779 (2018).

A design and analysis of an experiment to reduce bias from interference. The journal of Causal Inference has a publication on Causal inference.

How social learning contributes to moral outrage expression in online social networks. Sci. Adv. 7, eabe5641 (2021).

Explaining the Privacy Paradox: A Systematic Review of Theories and Tools for Privacy, Data Quality, Privacy, and Trust in Citizen Science

Anhalt-Depies, C., Stenglein, J. L., Zuckerberg, B., Townsend, P. A. & Rissman, A. R. Tradeoffs and tools for data quality, privacy, transparency, and trust in citizen science. Biol. There are twoConserv. 238 and 108195 in this document.

Gerber, N., Gerber, P. & Volkamer, M. Explaining the privacy paradox: a systematic review of literature investigating privacy attitude and behavior. There are some things that are Comput. Secur. 77, 226–261 (2018). This paper explores the trade-offs between privacy and research.

Fick, M. & Dave, P. Facebook’s flood of languages leave it struggling to monitor content. The story was published on the website Referring to “idUSKcn1RZ0DL/” on April 23, 2019.

Hilbert, M. The bad news is that the digital access divide is here to stay: domestically installed bandwidths among 172 countries for 1986–2014. Telecommun. Policy 40, 567–581 (2016).

Traynor, I. Internet governance too US-centric, says European commission. The Guardian, https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2014/feb/12/internet-governance-us-european-commission (12 February 2014).

Source: Misunderstanding the harms of online misinformation

Big lies vs. big lawsuits: why Dominion Voting is suing Fox News and a host of Trump allies

A research note discusses potential bias in large-scale censored data. There is a man named Harv. Kennedy Sch. There is a misinformation Rev. 2, which will be published in 2021. This paper shows that engagement metrics such as clicks and shares that are regularly used in popular and academic research do not take into account the fact that fake news is clicked and shared at a higher rate relative to exposure and viewing than non-fake news.

J. Haidt agrees that social media is interfering with democracy. The Atlantic, https://www.theatlantic.com/ideas/archive/2022/07/social-media-harm-facebook-meta-response/670975/ (28 July 2022).

Wieczner, J. Big lies vs. big lawsuits: why Dominion Voting is suing Fox News and a host of Trump allies. Fortune, https://fortune.com/longform/dominion-voting-lawsuits-fox-news-trump-allies-2020-election-libel-conspiracy-theories/ (2 April 2021).

Calma, J. Twitter just closed the book on academic research. The Verge https://www.theverge.com/2023/5/31/23739084/twitter-elon-musk-api-policy-chilling-academic-research (2023).

There is access to data and a method for using it to implement DSA.

Motta, M. & Stecula, D. Quantifying the effect of Wakefield et al. (1998) on skepticism about MMR vaccine safety in the US. In the journal psy One, there are 16 articles.

Source: Misunderstanding the harms of online misinformation

Facebook misuse of hate speech and violence: The India-Dutertes-drug-war story and the Washington Post-newspaper-article-review-of-India

Lewandowsky, S., Jetter, M. & Ecker, U. K. H. Using the President’s tweets to understand political diversion in the age of social media. The Nat. Commun. 11, 5764 was published in 2020.

Cruz, J. C. B. & Cheng, C. Establishing baselines for text classification in low-resource languages. There is a pre-print at this website. One of the challenges that makes moderation more expensive is shown in this paper.

Facebook neglected the world and contributed to hate speech and violence in India. The Washington Post reported on India’s Facebook misuse of hate speech.

D. Alba talked about how the drug war in the Philippines was fueled by Facebook. The Philippines-Dutertes-drug-war story was featured in an article by Buzzfeed.

Gillum, J. & Elliott, J. Sheryl Sandberg and top Facebook execs silenced an enemy of Turkey to prevent a hit to the company’s business. ProPublica,https://www.propublica.org/article/sheryl-sandberg-and-top-facebook-execs-silenced-an-enemy-of-turkey-to-prevent-a-hit-to-their-business (24 February 2021).

Humprecht, E., Esser, F. & Van Aelst, P. Resilience to online disinformation: a framework for cross-national comparative research. Int. The J. Press Polit. 25 was published in 2020.

Blair, R. A. Interventions to Counter Misinformation: Lessons from the Global North and Applications to the Global South (USAID Development Experience Clearinghouse, 2023).

Source: Misunderstanding the harms of online misinformation

Comparison of online social media and news consumption: The French Street Protests and the Online Disinformation Dzech”ozen

In an experiment, the effects of competitive vs.complementary effects in online social networks and news consumption were compared. Make sure that you manage. There is an article inSci. 64 about this topic.

AFP. The French tradition of street protests is par excellence. The Local has a story aboutrevolutionary tradition behind France’s street protests.

Schnell, M. Clyburn blames polarization on the advent of social media. The Hill, https://thehill.com/homenews/sunday-talk-shows/580440-clyburn-says-polarization-is-at-its-worst-because-the-advent-of/ (7 November 2021).

Suhay, E., and Bello-Pardo are related. Evidence from two trials show the effects of online partisan criticism. Int. J. Press Polit. 23 was published in December of last year.

Salzberg, S. De-platform the disinformation dozen. Forbes, https://www.forbes.com/sites/stevensalzberg/2021/07/19/de-platform-the-disinformation-dozen/ (2021).

Source: Misunderstanding the harms of online misinformation

The Making of a Radical on a Video Sharing Website. The New York Times and the Challenge in Understanding Human-Algorithm Entanglement

A challenge in understanding human-algorithm entanglement is posed by Lewandowsky, Robertson and DiResta. Perspect. Psychol. To find information on this and other articles, click on “Sci.”

Cho, Ahmed, S., Hilbert, M., Liu, B., and Luu were all related to this question. An experimental investigation of algorithm effects on political polarization. J. Broadcast. There was an electron. Media 64, 150–172 will happen in 2020.

Haidt, J. Why the past 10 years of American life have been uniquely stupid. The Atlantic has an archive relating to the social-media-democracy-trust-babel.

The making of a radical on a video sharing website. The New York Times, https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2019/06/08/technology/youtube-radical.html (8 June 2019).

Murray, M. Poll: Nearly two-thirds of Americans say social media platforms are tearing us apart. More than two-thirds of Americans say social media platforms are a problem, according to an NBC News poll.

Source: Misunderstanding the harms of online misinformation

From Fake News Social Media to the Future: The Rise and Fall of the False News-Social-Media Content Wars in the 21st Century

Koomey, J. G. et al. Sorry, wrong number: the use and misuse of numerical facts in analysis and media reporting of energy issues. Annu. Rev. Energy Env. 27, 119–158 (2002).

Gonon, F., Bezard, E. & Boraud, T. Misrepresentation of neuroscience data might give rise to misleading conclusions in the media: the case of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. PLoS ONE 6, e14618 (2011).

Good news and bad news are related to video games. Cyberpsychol. Behav. Soc. The Netw. 20, 735–739 were published last month.

L. Bratton, et al. The association between exaggeration in health-related science news and academic press releases: a replication study. Wellcome Open Res. 4, 148 (2019).

Lapowsky, I. The mainstream media was turned on by fake news. The mainstream media got bogged down by fake news.

America is grappling with a growing fake news problem. Vox, https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2020/12/22/22195488/fake-news-social-media-2020 (22 December 2020).

S False Information is all around us. ‘Pre-bunking’ Tries to Head It off Early. The false information is every where beforebunking-tries to head it off of ear, according to National Public Radio.

Source: Misunderstanding the harms of online misinformation

Media of Contempt: Facebook Twitter Consumption Implies Islamic Hate Speech and Islamo-Peace. Int. J. Conf. Violence 14, 1–13 (2020)

Increasing attention to accuracy can reduce online misinformation. Nature 592, 590, and595 were published in the year 2011.

Soral, W., Liu, J. & Bilewicz, M. Media of contempt: social media consumption predicts normative acceptance of anti-Muslim hate speech and Islamo-prejudice. Int. J. Conf. Violence 14, 1–13 (2020).

McHugh, B. C., Wisniewski, P., Rosson, M. B., and Carroll, J. M. studied the roles of online risk exposure, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress in teens. Internet Res. 28, 1169–1188 (2018).

Misinformation increases political views and behaviors. Many-believe-misinformation-is-increasing-extreme-political-views-an

Fandos, N., Kang, C. & Isaac, M. Tech executives are contrite about election meddling, but make few promises on Capitol Hill. The New York Times, https://www.nytimes.com/2017/10/31/us/politics/facebook-twitter-google-hearings-congress.html (31 October 2017).

Eady, G., Paskhalis, T., Zilinsky, J., Bonneau, R., Nagler, J. & Tucker, J. A. Exposure to the Russian Internet Research Agency foreign influence campaign on Twitter in the 2016 US election and its relationship to attitudes and voting behavior. Nat. Commun. 14, 62. Exposure to Russian misinformation on social media in 2016 was a small portion of people’s news diet, and not associated with changes in attitudes.

Subscriptions and external links drive resentful users to alternative and Extremist channels. The eadd was added in the 9th edition of the sp. Adv. This paper shows that people who consume extremist content on YouTube have highly resentful attitudes and typically find the content through subscriptions and external links, not algorithmic recommendations to non-subscribers.

Muddiman, A., Budak, C., Murray, C., Kim, Y. & Stroud, N. J. Indexing theory during an emerging health crisis: how U.S. TV news indexed elite perspectives and amplified COVID-19 misinformation. Ann. Inte. Commun. There is an associate. There were 46, 174 and 204 in this picture. This paper shows how mainstream media also spreads misinformation through amplification of misleading statements from elites.

F. B., and Pereira are the authors of this article. Political leaders in the Global South are spreading false news. Preprint at OSF, https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/hu4qr (2022).

Source: Misunderstanding the harms of online misinformation

Facebook Knows It Encourages Division-Top-Executives Nixed-solutions(26 May 2020): Why You Can’t Handle the Truth On Twitter

Efforts to make Facebook less divisive were stopped by the company. Wall Street Journal, https://www.wsj.com/articles/facebook-knows-it-encourages-division-top-executives-nixed-solutions-11590507499 (26 May 2020).

Hosseinmardi, H., Ghasemian, A., Rivera-Lanas, M., Horta Ribeiro, M., West, R. & Watts, D. J. Causally estimating the effect of YouTube’s recommender system using counterfactual bots. Proc. The Natl Acad. is a national statistical agency. Sci. USA 121, e2313377121 (2024).

There is a framework for severity of online harmful content. It was Proc. There is an abbreviation for “acm hum.” The Comput. is Comput. Something to do. There are 5 chapters in the novel 5, 1–33

You cannot handle the truth on social media. Scientific American, https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/you-cant-handle-the-truth-at-least-on-twitter/ (8 March 2018).

Frankel, S. Deceptively edited video of Biden proliferates on social media. The New York Times has a story on video editing in November of 2020.

Jiameng P. et al. Deepfake videos in the wild: analysis and detection. In Proc. Web Conference 2021 981–992 (International World Wide Web Conference Committee, 2021).

Source: Misunderstanding the harms of online misinformation

How Russian-backed Facebook posts ‘did swing the election for Trump’ (The New Yorker and The Guardian, 24 September 2017) and the Guardian (The Guardian, 01 October 2017)

Russia helped swing the election in favor of Trump. The New Yorker, https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2018/10/01/how-russia-helped-to-swing-the-election-for-trump (24 September 2018).

Solon, O. & Siddiqui, S. Russia-backed Facebook posts ‘reached 126m Americans’ during US election. The Guardian, https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2017/oct/30/facebook-russia-fake-accounts-126-million (30 October 2017).

Jie, Y. Frequency or total number? A comparison of different presentation formats. Judgm. It’s Decis. Mak. 17, 215–236 (2022).

Reyna, V. F. & Brainerd, C. J. Numeracy, ratio bias, and denominator neglect in judgments of risk and probability. Learn. Individ. Differ. 18, 89–107 (2008). A research paper shows how the use of large numerators can lead to confusion when it comes to risk and probability.

Source: Misunderstanding the harms of online misinformation

Effect of climate change news on society: How framing and political orientation affect exposure and public perceptions of crime rates in the U.S.

Jones, J. Americans: much misinformation, bias, inaccuracy in news. Gallup put out an article calling for American’s to bemis information bias inaccuracy.

Gerber, A. S., Gimpel, J. G., Green, D. P. & Shaw, D. R. How large and long-lasting are the persuasive effects of televised campaign ads? Results from a field experiment. Am. Polit. The Sci. Rev. 105 was published in 2011. The effect of news on society is shown in this paper.

Feldman, L. & Hart, P. Broadening exposure to climate change news? How framing and political orientation interact to influence selective exposure. J. Commun. 68, 503–524 (2018).

Druckman, J. N. Political preference formation: competition, deliberation, and the (ir)relevance of framing effects. Am. Polit. The Sci Rev. 98 was published in 2004.

The field experiment on the prevalence of burglars was used to show the reduction in bias in citizens perception of crime rates. J. Polit. 82, 747–752 (2020).

Source: Misunderstanding the harms of online misinformation

K. Roose. What if Facebook is the real majority? The New York Times, July 28, 2020, and The Breland, A. Facebook Ads

K. Roose. What if Facebook was the real majority? The New York Times, https://www.nytimes.com/2020/08/28/us/elections/what-if-facebook-is-the-real-silent-majority.html (27 August 2020).

Breland, A. A new report shows how Trump keeps buying Facebook ads. On July 28, 2021, Mother Jones published a “real-facebook-oversight-board”.

Ellison, N.B., Trieu, P., and Brewer explored the relationship between viewing and clicking in social media contexts. J. Comput. Mediat. Commun. 25, 402–423.

The report was titled “Gorme, I. et al.” Partisans neither expect nor receive reputational rewards for sharing falsehoods over truth online. Open Science Framework https://osf.io/5jwgd/ (2023).

Godel, W. Moderating with the mob: evaluating the efficacy of real-time crowdsourced fact-checking. J Online Trust is an organisation that deals with trust issues.

Source: Misunderstanding the harms of online misinformation

Facebook’s algorithm is broken: We have suggestions on how to fix it. M. Eslami and her husband were killed in a car accident

Rogers, K. says that Facebook’s formula is broken. There is a suggestion on how to fix it. FiveThirtyEight, https://fivethirtyeight.com/features/facebooks-algorithm-is-broken-we-collected-some-spicy-suggestions-on-how-to-fix-it/ (16 November 2021).

M. Eslami and her husband were involved in a fatal car accident. First I “like” it, then I hide it: folk theories of social feeds. In Proc. 2016 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems 2371–2382 (Association for Computing Machinery, 2016).

Silva, D. E., Chen, C. & Zhu, Y. Facets of algorithmic literacy: information, experience, and individual factors predict attitudes toward algorithmic systems. New Media Soc. https://doi.org/10.1177/14614448221098042 (2022).

The effects of ranking on transparency and transparency effects. Testimony before the Senate Subcommittee on Communications, Media, and Broadband, https://www.commerce.senate.gov/services/files/62102355-DC26-4909-BF90-8FB068145F18 (U.S. Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, 2021).

Source: Misunderstanding the harms of online misinformation

Facebook Deplatforming of One Zero and Other News Feeds on Feasibility-Preserving Social Media Websites (The case of recommender system)

Kantrowitz, A. Facebook removed the news feed algorithm in an experiment. Then it gave up. The news feed of One Zero has been removed because of an experiment.

Ribeiro, West, and Watts found that deplatforming did not decrease activity on fringe social media. PNAS Nexus 2, pgad035 (2023). The paper shows how shutting down Parler has an impact on other fringe social media websites.

A. E., Alfano, Fard and Carter wrote about a case of the recommender system. Synthese 199, 835–858 (2021).